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linux极简小知识：17、查询rpm包的默认安装路径

RPM包默认安装路径

通常，RPM 包采用系统默认的安装路径。安装文件会按照类别分别安装到不同的目录，如下所示：

RPM 包还可以手动指定安装路径（不推荐）。

查询 RPM 包的默认安装路径

rpm包文件中会记录相关的配置参数，并且会对照Linux系统的环境，在安装时生成对应的信息，比如安装路径、配置路径等。

查询一个包的默认安装路径等信息，可以使用 rpm -qpl <package_name>。

• -q|--query 表示执行rpm查询。单独使用表示查询安装的包 —— 是否安装，及安装的包名（获得某个软件包的全名）。

• -p|--package 表示查询指定的软件包（尤其是未安装的包）。如果一个包未安装，不指定 -p 将会提示未安装。

• -l|--list：表示列出软件包中包含的所有文件及各自安装路径。

比如，查询一个在线的MySQL包的信息，包括默认安装路径：

# rpm -qpl https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-8.0-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-community-server-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm /etc/logrotate.d/mysql /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.d /usr/bin/ibd2sdi /usr/bin/innochecksum /usr/bin/lz4_decompress /usr/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/myisam_ftdump /usr/bin/myisamchk /usr/bin/myisamlog /usr/bin/myisampack /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation /usr/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup /usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/bin/mysql_upgrade /usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd /usr/bin/mysqldumpslow /usr/bin/perror /usr/bin/zlib_decompress /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld@.service /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/mysql.conf /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/char.bin /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/dicrc /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/left-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/matrix.bin /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/pos-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/rewrite.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/right-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/sys.dic /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_euc-jp/unk.dic /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/char.bin /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/dicrc /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/left-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/matrix.bin /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/pos-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/rewrite.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/right-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/sys.dic /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_sjis/unk.dic /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8 /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/char.bin /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/dicrc /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/left-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/matrix.bin /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/pos-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/rewrite.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/right-id.def /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/sys.dic /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/dic/ipadic_utf-8/unk.dic /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/etc /usr/lib64/mysql/mecab/etc/mecabrc /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/adt_null.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/auth_socket.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_audit_api_message_emit.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_keyring_file.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_log_filter_dragnet.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_log_sink_json.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_log_sink_syseventlog.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_mysqlbackup.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_query_attributes.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_reference_cache.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/component_validate_password.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/connection_control.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ddl_rewriter.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/adt_null.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/auth_socket.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_audit_api_message_emit.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_keyring_file.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_log_filter_dragnet.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_log_sink_json.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_log_sink_syseventlog.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_mysqlbackup.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_query_attributes.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_reference_cache.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/component_validate_password.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/connection_control.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/ddl_rewriter.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/group_replication.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/ha_example.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/ha_mock.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/innodb_engine.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/keyring_file.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/keyring_udf.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/libmemcached.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/libpluginmecab.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/locking_service.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/mypluglib.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/mysql_clone.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/mysql_no_login.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/rewrite_example.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/rewriter.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/semisync_master.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/semisync_replica.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/semisync_slave.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/semisync_source.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/validate_password.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/debug/version_token.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/group_replication.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_example.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_mock.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/innodb_engine.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/keyring_file.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/keyring_udf.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/libmemcached.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/libpluginmecab.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/locking_service.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mypluglib.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_clone.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_no_login.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/rewrite_example.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/rewriter.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/semisync_master.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/semisync_replica.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/semisync_slave.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/semisync_source.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/validate_password.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/version_token.so /usr/lib64/mysql/private /usr/lib64/mysql/private/libprotobuf-lite.so.3.11.4 /usr/lib64/mysql/private/libprotobuf.so.3.11.4 /usr/sbin/mysqld /usr/sbin/mysqld-debug /usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.26 /usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.26/INFO_BIN /usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.26/INFO_SRC /usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.26/LICENSE /usr/share/doc/mysql-community-server-8.0.26/README /usr/share/man/man1/ibd2sdi.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/lz4_decompress.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqldumpslow.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/perror.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/zlib_decompress.1.gz /usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz /usr/share/mysql-8.0/dictionary.txt /usr/share/mysql-8.0/innodb_memcached_config.sql /usr/share/mysql-8.0/install_rewriter.sql /usr/share/mysql-8.0/mysql-log-rotate /usr/share/mysql-8.0/uninstall_rewriter.sql /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql-files /var/lib/mysql-keyring /var/run/mysqld 复制代码

可以看到，列出了mysql安装的所有目录【真多！】

如果查询未安装的软件包，且未指定 -p 参数，会报错 is not installed：

# rpm -ql https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-8.0-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-community-server-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm package https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-8.0-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-communit

作者：代码迷途
链接：https://juejin.cn/post/7017730484520091655