gRPC: 如何开启 TLS/SSL?
介绍
本文将介绍如何在 gRPC 微服务中开启 TLS/SSL,我就是我们常说的 https。
我们将会使用 rk-boot 来启动 gRPC 服务。
请访问如下地址获取完整教程:
rkdev.info/cn
rkdocs.netlify.app/cn (备用)
生成 Self-Signed Certificate
用户可以从各大云厂商购买证书,或者使用 cfssl 创建自定义证书。
我们介绍如何在本地生成证书。
1.下载 cfssl & cfssljson 命令行
推荐使用 rk 命令行来下载。
$ go get -u github.com/rookie-ninja/rk/cmd/rk $ rk install cfssl $ rk install cfssljson 复制代码
官网下载
$ go get github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/cmd/cfssl $ go get github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/cmd/cfssljson 复制代码
2.生成 CA
$ cfssl print-defaults config > ca-config.json $ cfssl print-defaults csr > ca-csr.json 复制代码
根据需要修改 ca-config.json 和 ca-csr.json。
$ cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - 复制代码
3.生成服务端证书
server.csr,server.pem 和 server-key.pem 将会被生成。
$ cfssl gencert -config ca-config.json -ca ca.pem -ca-key ca-key.pem -profile www csr.json | cfssljson -bare server 复制代码
安装
go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot 复制代码
快速开始
rk-boot 支持通过如下方式让 gRPC 服务获取证书。
本地文件系统
远程文件系统
Consul
ETCD
我们先看看如何从本地获取证书并启动。
1.创建 boot.yaml
在这个例子中,我们只启动服务端的证书。其中,locale 用于区分不同环境下 cert。
请参考之前的文章了解详情:GRPC: 基于云原生环境,区分配置文件
--- cert: - name: "local-cert" # Required provider: "localFs" # Required, etcd, consul, localFs, remoteFs are supported options locale: "*::*::*::*" # Required, default: "" serverCertPath: "cert/server.pem" # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS serverKeyPath: "cert/server-key.pem" # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS grpc: - name: greeter port: 8080 enabled: true enableReflection: true cert: ref: "local-cert" # Enable grpc TLS commonService: enabled: true 复制代码
2.创建 main.go
package main import ( "context" "github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot" ) // Application entrance. func main() { // Create a new boot instance. boot := rkboot.NewBoot() // Bootstrap boot.Bootstrap(context.Background()) // Wait for shutdown sig boot.WaitForShutdownSig(context.Background()) } 复制代码
3.文件夹结构
. ├── boot.yaml ├── cert │ ├── server-key.pem │ └── server.pem ├── go.mod ├── go.sum └── main.go 1 directory, 6 files 复制代码
4.启动 main.go
$ go run main.go 复制代码
5.验证
发送 Restful 请求
$ curl -X GET --insecure https://localhost:8080/rk/v1/healthy {"healthy":true} 复制代码
发送 grpc 请求
$ grpcurl -insecure localhost:8080 rk.api.v1.RkCommonService.Healthy { "healthy": true } 复制代码
架构
参数介绍
1.从本地读取证书
配置项 | 详情 | 需要 | 默认值 |
---|---|---|---|
cert.localFs.name | 本地文件系统获取器名称 | 是 | "" |
cert.localFs.locale | 遵从 locale: <realm>::<region>::<az>::<domain> | 是 | "" |
cert.localFs.serverCertPath | 服务器证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.localFs.serverKeyPath | 服务器证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.localFs.clientCertPath | 客户端证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.localFs.clientCertPath | 客户端证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
例子
--- cert: - name: "local-cert" # Required description: "Description of entry" # Optional provider: "localFs" # Required, etcd, consul, localFs, remoteFs are supported options locale: "*::*::*::*" # Required, default: "" serverCertPath: "cert/server.pem" # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS serverKeyPath: "cert/server-key.pem" # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS grpc: - name: greeter port: 8080 enabled: true enableReflection: true cert: ref: "local-cert" # Enable grpc TLS 复制代码
2.从远程文件服务读取证书
配置项 | 详情 | 需要 | 默认值 |
---|---|---|---|
cert.remoteFs.name | 远程文件服务获取器名称 | 是 | "" |
cert.remoteFs.locale | 遵从 locale:<realm>::<region>::<az>::<domain> | 是 | "" |
cert.remoteFs.endpoint | 远程地址: http://x.x.x.x 或者 x.x.x.x | 是 | N/A |
cert.remoteFs.basicAuth | Basic auth: user:pass. | 否 | "" |
cert.remoteFs.serverCertPath | 服务器证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.remoteFs.serverKeyPath | 服务器证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.remoteFs.clientCertPath | 客户端证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.remoteFs.clientCertPath | 客户端证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
例子
--- cert: - name: "remote-cert" # Required description: "Description of entry" # Optional provider: "remoteFs" # Required, etcd, consul, localFs, remoteFs are supported options endpoint: "localhost:8081" # Required, both http://x.x.x.x or x.x.x.x are acceptable locale: "*::*::*::*" # Required, default: "" serverCertPath: "cert/server.pem" # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS serverKeyPath: "cert/server-key.pem" # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS grpc: - name: greeter port: 8080 enabled: true cert: ref: "remote-cert" # Enable grpc TLS 复制代码
3.从 Consul 读取证书
配置项 | 详情 | 需要 | 默认值 |
---|---|---|---|
cert.consul.name | Consul 获取器名称 | 是 | "" |
cert.consul.locale | 遵从 locale: <realm>::<region>::<az>::<domain> | 是 | "" |
cert.consul.endpoint | Consul 地址: http://x.x.x.x or x.x.x.x | 是 | N/A |
cert.consul.datacenter | Consul 数据中心 | 是 | "" |
cert.consul.token | Consul 访问密钥 | 否 | "" |
cert.consul.basicAuth | Consul Basic auth,格式:user:pass. | 否 | "" |
cert.consul.serverCertPath | 服务器证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.consul.serverKeyPath | 服务器证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.consul.clientCertPath | 服务器证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.consul.clientCertPath | 服务器证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
例子
--- cert: - name: "consul-cert" # Required provider: "consul" # Required, etcd, consul, localFS, remoteFs are supported options description: "Description of entry" # Optional locale: "*::*::*::*" # Required, "" endpoint: "localhost:8500" # Required, http://x.x.x.x or x.x.x.x both acceptable. datacenter: "dc1" # Optional, default: "", consul datacenter serverCertPath: "server.pem" # Optional, default: "", key of value in consul serverKeyPath: "server-key.pem" # Optional, default: "", key of value in consul grpc: - name: greeter port: 8080 enabled: true cert: ref: "consul-cert" # Enable grpc TLS 复制代码
4.从 ETCD 读取证书
配置项 | 详情 | 需要 | 默认值 |
---|---|---|---|
cert.etcd.name | ETCD 获取器名称 | 是 | "" |
cert.etcd.locale | 遵从 locale: <realm>::<region>::<az>::<domain> | 是 | "" |
cert.etcd.endpoint | ETCD 地址:http://x.x.x.x or x.x.x.x | 是 | N/A |
cert.etcd.basicAuth | ETCD basic auth,格式:user:pass. | 否 | "" |
cert.etcd.serverCertPath | 服务器证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.etcd.serverKeyPath | 服务器证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.etcd.clientCertPath | 客户端证书路径 | 否 | "" |
cert.etcd.clientCertPath | 客户端证书密钥路径 | 否 | "" |
例子
--- cert: - name: "etcd-cert" # Required description: "Description of entry" # Optional provider: "etcd" # Required, etcd, consul, localFs, remoteFs are supported options locale: "*::*::*::*" # Required, default: "" endpoint: "localhost:2379" # Required, http://x.x.x.x or x.x.x.x both acceptable. serverCertPath: "server.pem" # Optional, default: "", key of value in etcd serverKeyPath: "server-key.pem" # Optional, default: "", key of value in etcd grpc: - name: greeter port: 8080 enabled: true cert: ref: "etcd-cert" # Enable grpc TLS
作者:尹东勋
链接:https://juejin.cn/post/7023359445308538887